Introduction <br> recent years, with the rapid development of China's industrial production, industrial plant lighting has increased annually, which is conducive to improve the working environment, improve production efficiency and product quality. The lighting design of industrial plants is mainly based on "GB 50034 - 2004 Architectural Lighting Design Standards", and combined with the current national relevant norms and standards, through industrial and rational design methods to achieve industrial plant lighting. This paper introduces the design features, design contents and procedures of industrial plant lighting in combination with engineering practice.
An industrial plant lighting design features <br> First, industrial plants generally only general illumination lighting design, i.e. localized general lighting, spot lighting and lighting process determined by the process requirements. If the normal lighting is interrupted and the production is continued and personnel safety and evacuation are affected, the design of the emergency lighting shall be based on the “GB 50016 - 2006 Building Design Fire Protection Codeâ€.
The general industrial plants are mostly single-storey buildings with higher floor heights. The height of the floors is generally above 6m. In combination with the production requirements, the light source generally selects high-pressure gas discharge lamps, such as metal halide lamps. When the hanging height of the lamp is 6 ~ 10m, 250 ~ 400W high-pressure gas discharge lamp can be used. For more than 10m, 250 ~ 1 000W high-pressure gas discharge lamp can be used, and the type of lamp is selected as deep-light type. The height of the multi-storey building is generally about 4m, and the light source can be used with straight fluorescent lamps. Industrial plant lighting control generally uses centralized control (direct control by micro-break, or relay contact control).
The installation and laying of industrial plant lighting electrical equipment lines also has its own characteristics. For example, the distribution box of a steel structure factory is generally installed on a steel column or mounted on a wall. The distribution lines, especially the distribution main lines, are generally laid by metal bridges (trunks). The branch lines are generally worn along walls, columns and steel roofs. Pipe laying. The luminaires are generally installed under steel beams or purlins. When driving, they can be hoisted above the top of the road at 0. 3m, which is convenient for maintenance of the luminaires.
2 lighting design of industrial plants main content <br> First of all, according to "GB 50034 - 2004 Architectural lighting design standards," the relevant provisions, combined with the nature of the plant, the size of the production of different regions of illumination within the plant to determine the fire risk category and so on, lighting Light source, type of lamp, arrangement of lamps and installation methods.
Secondly, according to the workshop, section or production line process, the lighting partition is divided, the lighting distribution box is set reasonably, the power supply mode is determined, the lighting trunk is laid, the lighting distribution system is determined, and the lighting distribution box (control box) is set to be convenient for the staff. operating.
For the design of emergency lighting, according to the relevant provisions of "GB 50016 - 2006 Building Design Fire Protection Code", combined with the production process requirements, emergency lighting should be reasonably set in the factory, and a separate emergency lighting distribution box should be set according to the fire compartment. The power supply should be taken from the power distribution office or the total lighting distribution box of the workshop.
3 industrial plant lighting design program <br> This article will talk about the program with an engineering example of industrial plant lighting design.
3. 1 Lighting design The lighting design of the factory mainly selects the lighting source and the luminaire according to the production requirements and illuminance standards, determines the lighting scheme, and calculates the illuminance. The general illuminance is calculated by the coefficient method.
Example: An industrial and electrical industrial plant, steel structure, the fire risk of production is D. The length of the plant is 270m, the width is 72m, the longitudinal column spacing is 8m, the lateral column spacing is 9m, and the truss height of the truss is 12. 7m. The reflection ratio of the ceiling in the workshop is Ïc = 50%, the reflection ratio of the wall is Ïw = 30%, and the reflection ratio of the floor is Ïf = 20%. Please design the lighting.
(1) The choice of light source is based on the requirements of the process for lighting, and according to the “GB 50034 -2004 Architectural Lighting Design Standards†section 5.3.1. Table 5. 3. 2. 2, the factory is a general welding, forging factory room, The general illumination of the factory is set at 200lx. The height of the top of the vehicle is 11. 4m. Considering that the installation height of the lamp is set at 12m and the installation height is above 10m, the color rendering index of the plant lighting is required to be Ra = 20 ~ 60, and the 400W metal halide lamp is selected.
(2) Calculation room space ratio RCR
(3) Determine the utilization factor and maintenance factor of the luminaire
Check the "Lighting Design Manual" (Second Edition) Table 4 - 43 Determine u =0. 76, according to the "Architectural Lighting Design Standards" 4.6.1 Table 4. 4. 6, K = 0.7.
(4) Calculate the number of lamps, determine the average illumination of the lighting scheme to take 200 lx, and calculate the number of lamps
According to the structure of the plant, the luminaires are installed along the transverse beam of 9m column length, a total of 29 roads, longitudinally divided into 3 spans, each span of 24m, so (3 × 29) × 3 = 261 lamps are selected.
(5) Verify the maximum allowable height to height ratio
The longitudinal direction is 8 / 11. 25 = 0. 71; the horizontal is 9 / 11. 25 = 0. 8, according to the "Lighting Design Manual" (Second Edition) Table 4 - 43, this value meets the maximum allowable height-to-height ratio requirements of the luminaire Therefore, the uniformity of illumination meets the requirements.
(6) Calculate the actual illuminance value 
(7) Check of LPD value
Actual power density LPD = 261 × ( 400 + 32 ) / ( 270 × 72) = 5. 8 (W / m2 ) , according to "GB 50034 - 2004 Architectural lighting design standards" Article 6.1.7 Industrial building lighting power Density value, the current power density value is 8W/m2, and the target power density value is 7W/m2. Therefore, the energy-saving LPD indicator is met.
3. 2 Lighting electrical design plant Lighting electrical design mainly includes the installation position of the lighting distribution box, select the type and cross section of the lighting line, and select the control and protection devices of the lighting line.
The installation position of the distribution box is set according to the principle of lighting partition, proximity to the load center and easy operation and maintenance. Considering the need of load development, one or two spare circuits can be reserved. According to the characteristics of the project and the requirements of the division, the plant is divided into 9 lighting zones. A total lighting distribution box is installed in the factory to supply power to 9 lighting zones in a radial manner. The branch lighting control box is located in a position convenient for operation in the lighting zone. The lighting mains are laid to the distribution electric box by metal bridges, and the branch lines are laid along the metal bridges and then laid along the steel beams to the lamps. The control of the lighting line is controlled by micro-breaking.
The choice of lighting lines and associated protection are determined based on the load calculation of the loop. When paying attention to the load power of the lighting device, in addition to the power of the light source itself, the type of ballast should also be considered. Generally, the electronic type or the energy-saving inductor type is selected, and the power loss of the ballast should be counted. Large-area industrial plant lighting generally uses high-intensity gas discharge lamps, three-phase power distribution, the current of each phase branch circuit should not exceed 30A, and the voltage loss value of the protection appliance and the verification line should be selected according to the startup and restart characteristics. For example, the high-pressure gas discharge lamp (metal halide lamp) for the lighting of the engineering plant, the start-up phase of the metal halide lamp from the start to the normal operation, the current will rise to 2 times of the normal working current for 1 to 2 minutes, so the micro-break is determined. Avoid this current value when setting the current. In the three-phase lighting distribution system, the phase sequence should be balanced as much as possible when the phase sequence is distributed. The three-phase circuit breaker generally uses a three-pole switch to avoid the zero-breaking fault and burn the equipment. Generally, the main switch of the main distribution box of the industrial plant adopts the plastic case switch, so do not use the micro-break, because there is a possibility that the short-circuit surge current is large.
4 Conclusion <br> electricity for lighting business is the most basic demand for electricity, China's annual consumption on lighting electricity about 10% to 12% of total electricity consumption in order to protect the environment, energy conservation, energy conservation is the designer must Considering and solving the problem, this is the direction of development of lighting. The power factor of the luminaire is not less than 0.9, the power factor of the luminaire is not less than 0.9. Electronic ballasts or energy-saving magnetic ballasts are installed in gas discharge lamps to save energy.
References [1] Liu Jiecai. Electrical Lighting Design Guide [M]. Beijing: Mechanical Industry Press, 1999.
[2] Wang Xiaodong. Electrical Lighting Technology [M]. Beijing: Mechanical Industry Press, 2004.
[3] Yao Jiaxuan. Lighting Design Handbook (Second Edition) [M]. Beijing: China Electric Power Press, 2006.
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