The transmission channel was blocked by the “electricity shortage†and “the worst electricity shortage in 7 yearsâ€, and the idle electricity capacity in China caused an astonishing waste. At the same time, “overall balanceâ€, the thermal power plant cannot operate at full capacity and across regions. The fact that power transmission can not be adjusted for surplus and deficiency shows that the problem of poor transmission channels across regions is still serious, and it is imperative to solve the problem of “systematic power shortageâ€.
Power shortage of 30 million kilowatts of surplus electricity 35 million kilowatts According to data provided by the State Grid Corporation of China, during the summer peak season this year, the power gap between North China, East China and Central China power grids is 30 million kilowatts, while the northeast and northwest grids have a surplus of 27 million kilowatts of electricity. "End of power shortage" coexists with "send end electricity". If we add the "electric power" more serious Inner Mongolia Mengxi Power Grid, the excess power of more than 35 million kilowatts, enough to make up for the above-mentioned power shortage.
Inner Mongolia is the country with the fastest growth in installed capacity of thermal power in the country and has the largest total volume. Up to now, Inner Mongolia has a total installed capacity of about 70 million kilowatts, ranking first in the country. However, as the country’s largest power transmission base, Inner Mongolia’s western power grid has been continuously 6 years have not built a delivery channel.
The reporter learned from an interview with the Inner Mongolia Electric Power Company that only the idle power generation capacity of the eight coalition power grids in the power supply business area of ​​Mengxi Power Grid is millions of kilowatts, including a large number of wind turbines that are “no needless to useâ€. The loan interest from idleness exceeds 2 billion yuan.
Qi Laisheng, general manager of Longyuan Power [5.96 4.56%] Co., Ltd., stated that Longyuan Power has installed 700,000 kilowatts of wind power in Inner Mongolia Power Grid business area. If it is not restricted, it can generate 1.5 billion kwh of electricity for the whole year. The power generation capacity is only 1.3 billion kwh and the loss of profit is 100 million yuan. With the advent of the winter heating period, in order to ensure the operation of cogeneration units, the issue of “disposal†of wind power will become more prominent.
The phenomenon of "electricity power" in the Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region has also become more and more serious. Cui Jifeng, General Manager of Ningxia Electric Power Co., Ltd., said that at present, Ningdong Coal and Electricity Base is still accelerating development and construction, and the main power projects under construction will be put into production this year. The total installed capacity of electric power in the region will reach 19 million kilowatts. With the power supply to Shandong, the installed capacity will be 7 million kilowatts.
In addition to the idleness of equipment, the waste in the use of electricity in areas where there is no shortage of electricity is equally alarming. The reporter learned that in order to solve the "electricity problem", some local governments have promoted surplus power to "digest in place," which objectively stimulated the development of high-energy-consuming industries.
In the first three quarters of this year, the growth rates of electricity consumption in a group of "electricity" provinces such as Inner Mongolia, Ningxia and Gansu exceeded the national average for electricity consumption growth. The provinces with the highest growth rates reached 28.6%, which is 17% higher than the national average. In the first half of this year, the electricity consumption per million yuan of GDP in the western region reached 1,362 kwh, which was 478.7 kwh higher than that of the eastern region. Affected by the rebound in the high-energy-consuming industries, the power consumption per unit of GDP in the western region did not fall, but rose by 1.54% in the first half of the year.
Transmission channel system "obstructed"
In recent years, in order to “buy electricity,†power-short provinces and cities such as Beijing, Shanghai, and Shandong have signed transmission agreements with Inner Mongolia one after another. However, this cannot be implemented as a piece of paper. In order to “sell electricity,†Inner Mongolia has proposed to speed up the construction of an outbound channel, but It has not yet become a reality.
While the construction of a transmission channel deemed by the two remaining parties to be “a straw for survival†is far from being completed, other trans-regional transmission channel projects that are not “emergency†have been launched quickly and smoothly. In August 2006, the 1 million-volt AC UHV pilot demonstration project from Shanxi to Hubei was approved, and construction started in the month and was put into operation 28 months later. The "one of the world's first 1 million volts high voltage transmission lines" with an investment of more than 5 billion yuan has been operating for the past three years. It has not played a role in the ever-increasing "half of the electricity shortage and half of the electricity". Shanxi Province is the same as Hubei Province. It is one of the provinces with the most severe shortage of electricity in the country and there is no excess electricity available for delivery.
Similar to the channels linking the two areas of power shortage, some new cross-regional power transmission projects connect two areas with the same power surplus. In September 2010, the investment of more than RMB 6 billion and the ±500 kV DC project linking Inner Mongolia Hulun Buir and Liaoning were completed and put into operation. Each year, 18 billion kilowatt-hours of electricity can be transferred to the load center in the Northeast. However, as the target market for the northeast electricity market exceeds supply, the annual utilization hours of generator sets have been decreasing year by year.
In addition to lagging project construction and the “no use of land†for new construction projects, the phenomenon of “transit and unobstructed†transmission across regions is even more thought-provoking. When interviewed by a number of power generation companies that were commissioned by Mengxi Power Grid, the reporter saw a notice from a power grid company: From July 1, North China Power Grid cancelled the temporary transaction of the power transmission from the Inner Mongolia grid. According to the person in charge of the Inner Mongolia Electric Power Company, Mengxi Power Grid sent power to the North China Power Grid through four channels in total, with a maximum transmission capacity of 4.3 million kilowatts, and a slight technological transformation, which could reach 4.9 million kilowatts. After the implementation of the notification, the delivery trend has dropped to a minimum of 1.975 million kilowatts and the capacity has been idled to more than 2 million kilowatts.
While reducing the power transmission from the Mengxi Power Grid to the North China Power Grid, the power shortage in the North China Power Grid is even more severe. According to the comprehensive judgment of the State Grid, during the peak winter period, the company's operating area has a maximum power shortage of about 28 million kilowatts, including the 4.5 million kilowatts of North China Power Grid. If the contradiction between the supply and demand of thermal coal is further aggravated and continuous extreme cold weather occurs, the power gap will further increase. Increase.
Experts suggest that interviews with major regional grid company reporters have learned that the current grid construction is lagging behind. The first issue is the “technological route dispute†on UHV AC or DC transmission across regions. The State Grid Corporation of China attempted to use UHV AC to link the three major regional grids in North China, East China and Central China into a single unified grid (hereinafter referred to as the “Three China†grid), and hoped to write this opinion into the “12th Five-year Plan†for electricity development. planning. However, some power experts strongly oppose that this is not safe, inefficient, wasteful, occupies many lands, and the technology is not yet mature. It will further strengthen the already highly centralized grid monopoly system.
When interviewed by reporters, some people in the industry raised such questions: The most important reason for the State Grid Corporation insisting on the use of UHV exchange methods is that the exchange must meet the technical requirements that it must be a "national network" operation mode, which is beneficial to the country. Grid companies maintain monopoly status; DC ultra-high voltage can only realize long-distance transmission, and cannot form a unified grid in the full sense.
Relevant experts believe that because of the inconsistencies in the understanding of transmission technology programs or because of the "contests" between sectors, the delay in the approval and construction of cross-regional power transmission projects has led to an "institutional power shortage" in a wider range and more. Raging for a long time. It is recommended that the state strengthen its enforcement capability to ensure that the decree is smooth and that administrative measures are used to open up the “obstruction†of already existing transmission channels; at the same time, in-depth reforms in the areas of power grid construction, investment, and operations are promoted:
--- Establish a new power reform advancing agency. Industry experts stated that the reform of the power market is the readjustment of interests in different groups, departments, regions, and industries, and it needs to have the power to go beyond management and management departments. Liu Jipeng, a professor at the China University of Political Science and Law, believes that the problem of "electricity shortage" lies in the price, while the problem of price is in the administrative approval system. To solve various problems in China's power reform, it is necessary to step up efforts to promote the reform of the administrative monopoly system. If the interests of the regulatory and administrative examination and approval of the old system are used to dominate the power reforms, it will be impossible to abandon the existing model because of the binding of various interest chains.
———Promote the reform of the power grid and gradually expand the regional grid company. In 2002, “No. 5 Document†was deeply rooted in the industry. According to the provisions of Document No. 5, power grid companies implemented reforms of diversified investment, equity ownership, management and corporatization, expanded regional power grid companies, and broke grid monopolies. The regional grid company will enjoy corporate property rights and the right to operate independently, and the provincial power companies in the region will be reorganized into branches or subsidiaries and be responsible for managing the local transmission and distribution business.
-- Accelerate the reform of separate transmission and distribution of electricity. Some experts believe that at present, China's power grid companies are still in the monopoly of "the only purchaser and seller of all power," and their revenues come from the price difference between the power-grid power-on-grid tariff and the end-user power bill. It is possible to learn from the practices of developed countries and gradually cancel the “bid online†approach of the power grid as a single buyer. Instead, all power generation methods are signed by the power generators and power consumers or distributors for various types of power purchase contracts, and self-determined pricing methods. . Companies operating a transmission network are no longer allowed to “buy and sell electricity,†but only “transmission power.â€
Power shortage of 30 million kilowatts of surplus electricity 35 million kilowatts According to data provided by the State Grid Corporation of China, during the summer peak season this year, the power gap between North China, East China and Central China power grids is 30 million kilowatts, while the northeast and northwest grids have a surplus of 27 million kilowatts of electricity. "End of power shortage" coexists with "send end electricity". If we add the "electric power" more serious Inner Mongolia Mengxi Power Grid, the excess power of more than 35 million kilowatts, enough to make up for the above-mentioned power shortage.
Inner Mongolia is the country with the fastest growth in installed capacity of thermal power in the country and has the largest total volume. Up to now, Inner Mongolia has a total installed capacity of about 70 million kilowatts, ranking first in the country. However, as the country’s largest power transmission base, Inner Mongolia’s western power grid has been continuously 6 years have not built a delivery channel.
The reporter learned from an interview with the Inner Mongolia Electric Power Company that only the idle power generation capacity of the eight coalition power grids in the power supply business area of ​​Mengxi Power Grid is millions of kilowatts, including a large number of wind turbines that are “no needless to useâ€. The loan interest from idleness exceeds 2 billion yuan.
Qi Laisheng, general manager of Longyuan Power [5.96 4.56%] Co., Ltd., stated that Longyuan Power has installed 700,000 kilowatts of wind power in Inner Mongolia Power Grid business area. If it is not restricted, it can generate 1.5 billion kwh of electricity for the whole year. The power generation capacity is only 1.3 billion kwh and the loss of profit is 100 million yuan. With the advent of the winter heating period, in order to ensure the operation of cogeneration units, the issue of “disposal†of wind power will become more prominent.
The phenomenon of "electricity power" in the Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region has also become more and more serious. Cui Jifeng, General Manager of Ningxia Electric Power Co., Ltd., said that at present, Ningdong Coal and Electricity Base is still accelerating development and construction, and the main power projects under construction will be put into production this year. The total installed capacity of electric power in the region will reach 19 million kilowatts. With the power supply to Shandong, the installed capacity will be 7 million kilowatts.
In addition to the idleness of equipment, the waste in the use of electricity in areas where there is no shortage of electricity is equally alarming. The reporter learned that in order to solve the "electricity problem", some local governments have promoted surplus power to "digest in place," which objectively stimulated the development of high-energy-consuming industries.
In the first three quarters of this year, the growth rates of electricity consumption in a group of "electricity" provinces such as Inner Mongolia, Ningxia and Gansu exceeded the national average for electricity consumption growth. The provinces with the highest growth rates reached 28.6%, which is 17% higher than the national average. In the first half of this year, the electricity consumption per million yuan of GDP in the western region reached 1,362 kwh, which was 478.7 kwh higher than that of the eastern region. Affected by the rebound in the high-energy-consuming industries, the power consumption per unit of GDP in the western region did not fall, but rose by 1.54% in the first half of the year.
Transmission channel system "obstructed"
In recent years, in order to “buy electricity,†power-short provinces and cities such as Beijing, Shanghai, and Shandong have signed transmission agreements with Inner Mongolia one after another. However, this cannot be implemented as a piece of paper. In order to “sell electricity,†Inner Mongolia has proposed to speed up the construction of an outbound channel, but It has not yet become a reality.
While the construction of a transmission channel deemed by the two remaining parties to be “a straw for survival†is far from being completed, other trans-regional transmission channel projects that are not “emergency†have been launched quickly and smoothly. In August 2006, the 1 million-volt AC UHV pilot demonstration project from Shanxi to Hubei was approved, and construction started in the month and was put into operation 28 months later. The "one of the world's first 1 million volts high voltage transmission lines" with an investment of more than 5 billion yuan has been operating for the past three years. It has not played a role in the ever-increasing "half of the electricity shortage and half of the electricity". Shanxi Province is the same as Hubei Province. It is one of the provinces with the most severe shortage of electricity in the country and there is no excess electricity available for delivery.
Similar to the channels linking the two areas of power shortage, some new cross-regional power transmission projects connect two areas with the same power surplus. In September 2010, the investment of more than RMB 6 billion and the ±500 kV DC project linking Inner Mongolia Hulun Buir and Liaoning were completed and put into operation. Each year, 18 billion kilowatt-hours of electricity can be transferred to the load center in the Northeast. However, as the target market for the northeast electricity market exceeds supply, the annual utilization hours of generator sets have been decreasing year by year.
In addition to lagging project construction and the “no use of land†for new construction projects, the phenomenon of “transit and unobstructed†transmission across regions is even more thought-provoking. When interviewed by a number of power generation companies that were commissioned by Mengxi Power Grid, the reporter saw a notice from a power grid company: From July 1, North China Power Grid cancelled the temporary transaction of the power transmission from the Inner Mongolia grid. According to the person in charge of the Inner Mongolia Electric Power Company, Mengxi Power Grid sent power to the North China Power Grid through four channels in total, with a maximum transmission capacity of 4.3 million kilowatts, and a slight technological transformation, which could reach 4.9 million kilowatts. After the implementation of the notification, the delivery trend has dropped to a minimum of 1.975 million kilowatts and the capacity has been idled to more than 2 million kilowatts.
While reducing the power transmission from the Mengxi Power Grid to the North China Power Grid, the power shortage in the North China Power Grid is even more severe. According to the comprehensive judgment of the State Grid, during the peak winter period, the company's operating area has a maximum power shortage of about 28 million kilowatts, including the 4.5 million kilowatts of North China Power Grid. If the contradiction between the supply and demand of thermal coal is further aggravated and continuous extreme cold weather occurs, the power gap will further increase. Increase.
Experts suggest that interviews with major regional grid company reporters have learned that the current grid construction is lagging behind. The first issue is the “technological route dispute†on UHV AC or DC transmission across regions. The State Grid Corporation of China attempted to use UHV AC to link the three major regional grids in North China, East China and Central China into a single unified grid (hereinafter referred to as the “Three China†grid), and hoped to write this opinion into the “12th Five-year Plan†for electricity development. planning. However, some power experts strongly oppose that this is not safe, inefficient, wasteful, occupies many lands, and the technology is not yet mature. It will further strengthen the already highly centralized grid monopoly system.
When interviewed by reporters, some people in the industry raised such questions: The most important reason for the State Grid Corporation insisting on the use of UHV exchange methods is that the exchange must meet the technical requirements that it must be a "national network" operation mode, which is beneficial to the country. Grid companies maintain monopoly status; DC ultra-high voltage can only realize long-distance transmission, and cannot form a unified grid in the full sense.
Relevant experts believe that because of the inconsistencies in the understanding of transmission technology programs or because of the "contests" between sectors, the delay in the approval and construction of cross-regional power transmission projects has led to an "institutional power shortage" in a wider range and more. Raging for a long time. It is recommended that the state strengthen its enforcement capability to ensure that the decree is smooth and that administrative measures are used to open up the “obstruction†of already existing transmission channels; at the same time, in-depth reforms in the areas of power grid construction, investment, and operations are promoted:
--- Establish a new power reform advancing agency. Industry experts stated that the reform of the power market is the readjustment of interests in different groups, departments, regions, and industries, and it needs to have the power to go beyond management and management departments. Liu Jipeng, a professor at the China University of Political Science and Law, believes that the problem of "electricity shortage" lies in the price, while the problem of price is in the administrative approval system. To solve various problems in China's power reform, it is necessary to step up efforts to promote the reform of the administrative monopoly system. If the interests of the regulatory and administrative examination and approval of the old system are used to dominate the power reforms, it will be impossible to abandon the existing model because of the binding of various interest chains.
———Promote the reform of the power grid and gradually expand the regional grid company. In 2002, “No. 5 Document†was deeply rooted in the industry. According to the provisions of Document No. 5, power grid companies implemented reforms of diversified investment, equity ownership, management and corporatization, expanded regional power grid companies, and broke grid monopolies. The regional grid company will enjoy corporate property rights and the right to operate independently, and the provincial power companies in the region will be reorganized into branches or subsidiaries and be responsible for managing the local transmission and distribution business.
-- Accelerate the reform of separate transmission and distribution of electricity. Some experts believe that at present, China's power grid companies are still in the monopoly of "the only purchaser and seller of all power," and their revenues come from the price difference between the power-grid power-on-grid tariff and the end-user power bill. It is possible to learn from the practices of developed countries and gradually cancel the “bid online†approach of the power grid as a single buyer. Instead, all power generation methods are signed by the power generators and power consumers or distributors for various types of power purchase contracts, and self-determined pricing methods. . Companies operating a transmission network are no longer allowed to “buy and sell electricity,†but only “transmission power.â€
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