Trade-offs for scrapping and recycling of home appliances

Ms. Yan, who lives in Xihu Village, is busy using her washing machine for a little over a decade to get a new one. There are quite a few people who have taken the "last train" like her. According to the “Regulations on Implementing Appliance Replacement” issued by the Ministry of Commerce and the Ministry of Finance, the home appliance replacement policy that began on June 1, 2009 will expire at the end of this month. This means that the recycling and disposal system for waste household appliances, which is initially established by China's production companies, sellers, and companies that are being dismantled, will soon face a test.

China will soon usher in the peak period of household appliances scrapping. At present, the annual output of the five major parts such as televisions, refrigerators, washing machines, air conditioners, and computers will exceed 15 million units. It is expected that the annual volume of annual reports in the 12th Five-Year Plan period will reach 1.6. More than 100 million units. Before implementing the “old-for-new” policy on home appliances, the majority of waste household appliances went to the secondary market and small-scale dismantling workshops through non-governmental recycling channels. Most of them used indiscriminate methods such as incineration and acid release to aggravate environmental pollution; After the old-for-new policy, because the state gave a certain subsidy, consumers are willing to give waste appliances to production companies or shopping malls, and some “regular forces” have been able to grow and develop, but whether they are strong enough to completely defeat their “unofficial forces” by their own ability. "What?"

It must be acknowledged that the “regular force” lacks the price advantage of recycling compared to “irregular forces”, and the original preferential tax policies of resource recycling companies have also been cancelled, and the VAT rate has been restored to 17%, which has caused its operation Certain pressure. The ecology of the original recycling industry in China is uneven, especially in small and medium-sized cities, where there are a large number of small and medium-sized treatment plants with serious environmental pollution, low management levels and difficulties in supervision. There is reason to worry: After the new policy is over, will numerous old and new home appliances be re-entered into polluted small workshops?

Dr. Li Boyang, an assistant researcher of the China Electronic Information Industry Development Institute, said in an interview with this newspaper that China is the world’s second-largest producer and receiver of waste electrical and electronic products after the United States. These e-wastes are both produced by us and are also Transferred from developed countries. After the "replacement for old" policy is over, the new national regulations require existing processing companies to re-apply for processing qualifications, and discarded electrical and electronic products must also be delivered to those qualified processing companies. It is estimated that by 2015, there will be about 100 waste electrical and electronic product processing companies with a certain scale and related facilities. “The development of the recycling industry in China draws on foreign experience to implement the 'producer responsibility extension system'. The fund operation mode is used in operation, ie, funds are collected from upstream producers (or importers) as funds to subsidize downstream processing. Enterprises are encouraged to deal with industry standardization and large-scale development.” Li Boyang is concerned that due to the incompleteness of China's recycling treatment standard specification system, the standard specification for the use of dismantling products as raw materials, energy, and used parts and components is basically in a state of deficiency, and will surely Restrict the development of the industry. The low level of dismantling treatment technology will also become a bottleneck that plagues the industry. Currently, some complete machines and dismantled products do not have the capability of harmless treatment and utilization, such as refrigerators and CRT glass.

The reporter learned from the city supply and marketing cooperative that in order to build a new mechanism for the collection of used electrical appliances, Tianjin will establish a recycling network of waste electrical and electronic products covering the city, and build ten primary sorting and processing centers on the basis of the existing standardized recycling network. The municipal finance will also provide a special recycling fund of 5 million yuan each year, eventually achieving more than 90% of waste electrical and electronic products into standard recycling channels, and more than 80% of the use of waste electrical and electronic products by civilian, government agencies, and enterprises and institutions, storage, and disposal. Get effective control.

“As a pilot city, Tianjin is at the forefront of electronic product processing,” said Li Boyang.