A team of researchers from Florida State University has developed a new type of light-emitting diode (LED) that uses an organic-inorganic hybrid material that produces cheaper, brighter lamps and displays.
Physic Assistant Professor Hanwei Gao and Associate Professor of Chemical Engineering BiwuMa are using a class of materials called organometallic halide perovskites to make a high-performance LED. They published the results in the journal Advanced Materials.
“Early work found that perovskites may be a promising material in the production of LEDs,†Gao Hanwei said. “But its performance has not yet reached its full potential. We believe there is significant room for improvement.â€
In the past, other researchers have tried to make LEDs with perovskites, but none of them have been particularly efficient. Gao Hanwei and Ma Biwu believe that the organic-inorganic mixture can make LEDs perform better if the formula is properly adjusted.
“When we think about this type of material, we know that it should perform better,†Ma Biwu said. “We have come up with new ways to solve some of the key issues to create high performance LEDs.â€
After months of experimentation in which device structure was controlled by fine-tuning material properties and equipment engineering through synthetic chemistry, they eventually produced high-performance LEDs that exceeded expectations. The material is exceptionally dazzling.
It has been measured that its luminous intensity is about 10,000 candelas per square meter at a driving voltage of 12V. Generally speaking, as far as the computer screen is concerned, the LED with a luminous intensity of about 400 cds per square meter is bright enough.
"This extraordinary brightness depends to a large extent on the high luminous efficiency inherent in this surface-treated, highly crystalline nanomaterial," Gao Hanwei said.
The production of this material is quick and easy. In the lab, Gao Hanwei and Ma Biwu can make this material in about an hour, and in about half a day, they can create a complete device and test it.
In addition, although bare-mixed perovskites are unstable in moist air, nanostructured perovskites have good stability due to their specially designed surface chemistry. This chemical stability greatly reduces the facility requirements for making this new type of LED and will be of great benefit to cost-effective production in the future.
This research is critical to the advancement of LED technology and is rapidly becoming a channel for reducing electricity consumption. Although various LED lighting products have been sold in the market, the popularity of LED lighting has been slow due to material and quality related cost issues.
However, it is an indisputable fact that LED lights save energy. According to the US Energy Agency, residential LED lighting is at least 75% more energy efficient than ordinary incandescent lamps.
"If you can make a low-cost, high-performance LED, everyone will choose it," Ma Biwu said. “For the industry, our approach has a big advantage because it can be produced in a very economical way by processing the rich materials on Earth.â€
Their work partners also include Zhibin Yu, an assistant professor of industrial and manufacturing engineering focused on LED technology research, and Kenneth Hanson, assistant professor of chemistry, who is also the co-author of the paper. .
“Gao Hanwei and Ma Biwu, as well as Kenneth Hansen, are 11 new faculty members employed in the Energy and Raw Materials Strategic Recruitment Program,†said Research Associate Vice President W. Ross Ellington. “The current work, as well as other recent joint publications, show that synergies are expected to be achieved through hard work.â€
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