At present, countries have proposed the top-level design of virtual reality development planning from the perspective of government. The US government's National Network and Information Technology R&D Program has proposed eight R&D priorities in its fiscal year 2016 budget. It plans to invest about US$4.1 billion in research and development in the next year, including human-computer interactions for virtual reality. With a budget of 20% in the field of information management, it ranks second among the eight sectors. The EU has listed 37 projects in the field of information and communication technology in the “Horizon 2020†program with a funding of 80 billion euros, and there are 4 directly involved in intelligent human-computer interaction. As early as 2007, the Japanese government released the roadmap for innovation and technology to the 2025 science and technology development roadmap, including technologies such as virtual reality. In China, virtual reality has been highly valued and supported by the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, the Ministry of Science and Technology and other ministries, and has achieved stage results. In addition, BAT, Huawei, ZTE, Haier, Hisense, Keda Xunfei, Lenovo and other companies have formulated relevant plans, and there are also a number of projects such as Novo, Huajie Aimei, Shengwei Te, Lexiang Technology, and Birds. A large number of entrepreneurial companies focused on VR. Obviously, the spring of the great development of virtual reality is coming, and virtual reality is moving towards consumers step by step. So, what are the key technical areas involved in virtual reality? What impact will it have on the entire industry? What are the future "hands"?
Key technologies:
Display, chip, interactive tracking direction is clear
Virtual reality involves many technical fields, while display, chip and interactive tracking are three key technical areas, with active innovation and rapid progress.
In the new display field, high-resolution display and flexible display represented by technologies such as AMOLED and light field display have become the development trend of VR/AR. Compared with the traditional LCD display, the high-performance AMOLED display features fast response, low weight, low power consumption, anti-blue light, and obvious cost reduction. In addition, the high-performance AMOLED display can greatly improve the portability of virtual reality products while reducing dizziness, energy consumption, cost, and health risks. Since the flexible AMOLED has practical significance in terms of virtual reality and weight reduction and portability, it is expected to become an important development direction in the future.
In the chip field, high-performance GPUs and 5Gs have become the development trend of virtual reality computing processing and wireless communication. Because VR has high requirements for real-time modeling and rendering capabilities in high-definition scenes, high-performance GPUs are the core embodiment of computing power in virtual reality. At present, international manufacturers such as NVIDIA, AMD, imaginaTIon, Qualcomm and ARM have been deployed in the virtual reality field, and the SDK is frequently deployed to improve the performance of the GPU in the virtual reality field. For wireless transmission, high-resolution, full-view display brings high immersion to virtual reality, and it also poses a challenge to data transmission. At present, virtual reality devices mainly transmit data by means of wired. With the advent of 5G, the performance "bottleneck" of ultra-high resolution, full-view, 3D, low-latency, etc. required for virtual reality content is expected to be solved to a large extent.
In the field of interactive tracking, sensor fusion and 3D registration modeling have become the development trend. Multi-sensor information fusion is actually a functional simulation of the complex problem of human brain synthesis. Compared with single sensor, it mainly uses multi-sensor information fusion technology to solve problems such as detection, tracking and target recognition, enhances the reliability and accuracy of collected data, and expands the spatial coverage of data collection. It is the development focus of data acquisition technology. Currently, Intel's Realsense, Microsoft's Hololens, and Google's Project Tango are based on a series of cameras, sensors, and chips that can be used to model the environment around the user in real time, adding human-like perceptions of space and motion to virtual reality devices. ability.
Linkage effect:
Industrial change is imperative
Although the virtual reality surface seems to be only an application, it has a strong linkage effect on the development of the industry, which can effectively promote the industrial integration and the prosperity of the application service market.
First, virtual reality will boost industry change. The virtual reality industry has a wide range of radiation and strong driving. From the perspective of the structure of the cloud-pipe end of the ICT industry, the influence of virtual reality is not limited to the end equipment field, considering ultra-high definition, low latency and 360-degree panorama. The higher requirements of network transmission, virtual reality will provide development momentum for the tube equipment and even the cloud equipment market, which also explains the motivation of the network equipment giants such as Cisco intensively acquiring virtual reality vendors in recent years. In addition, from the perspective of ICT industry support, virtual reality will accelerate the upgrading of upstream key component industries. For example, in the display field, virtual reality accelerates the replacement of traditional LCD screens in OLED market in small and medium size. In the chip field, the high-end GPU market for virtual reality continues to grow rapidly. Studies have shown that since the advent of the mainframe, new terminal forms have emerged every ten years, with the result that the number of users or devices has increased by an order of magnitude, with intelligence, Internet and social economy, and people. The combination of life is getting closer and closer, and virtual reality is expected to set off a new wave of industrial development after smart phones.
Second, virtual reality will promote convergence and innovation. Virtual reality is an emerging field in which multiple industries are intertwined. Several trillion-scale industries such as electronics, communications, and culture are brought together to shape a new development model. According to the decision-making arrangements of the State Council, China needs to enter the ranks of innovative countries and lead innovation and development. It needs to lead from the passive follow-up to the future innovation. At present, China has achieved certain results in the fields of high-end chips, new displays, artificial intelligence, and 5G communications. Through the combination of innovations in these fields, virtual reality is the industry, and it can promote cross-border integration in different fields. Define new products and technologies, and even subvert new markets and standards. For example, to improve the VR experience, the system delay should be less than 20 milliseconds, and achieving this standard innovation requires deep integration of sensing acquisition, GPU rendering, data transmission, near-eye display, and software algorithms.
Finally, virtual reality helps to prosper the application services market. The virtual reality business is rich in form, with great industrial potential and strong social benefits. Currently, virtual reality is mainly used in video games, live events, video entertainment, healthcare, real estate, retail, education, engineering and military industries, and is accelerating penetration into the realm of life and production. For the mass market, the era of experiential consumption provides space for the development of theme parks and retail shopping featuring virtual reality. For example, Disney and Universal Studios have used it for theme parks, and Ali has launched “Buy+†based on virtual reality technology. Shopping service. For industrial applications, virtual reality comprehensively enhances industrial collaborative design and intelligent manufacturing capabilities. BMW plans to adopt virtual reality devices in its future car design. In addition, Kazakhstan steel mill workers have significantly improved output efficiency after experimenting with virtual reality equipment.
Development "hands-on":
Technology, standards, support and supervision
The future development of virtual reality is inseparable from the breakthrough of key technologies, the improvement of technical standards, and policy support and safety supervision.
The first is to break through key technologies. Focus on high-performance OLED, fusion display, sensor fusion, GPU, 5G, artificial intelligence and other key areas to accelerate technological breakthroughs. Accelerate the process of localization of key components, develop safe and reliable software and hardware solutions, and propose to organize the dominant units of optical, electronics, computer science and other disciplines, and jointly research institutions in the fields of medicine, psychology, and cognitive science to virtualize The suitability of real equipment is the entry point, and a number of independent intellectual property rights technologies and products with international leading level are innovated.
The second is to strengthen policy support. Give full play to the positive role of the government in promoting industrial development, combine the focus of industrial development, and increase support for basic research and transformation of results such as technological innovation, business model innovation and service innovation, and gradually build a support for VR entrepreneurship and integration of production, education and research. The policy and regulation system establishes a close-to-share results sharing mechanism between government, industry, academia and research, and promotes the exchange and cooperation and sharing of common key technologies such as new display, sensor fusion, sensory computing, wireless communication, and tracking interaction, and continuously optimizes the industrial development environment.
The third is to establish a sound standard and test verification system. Docking related standards at home and abroad, considering the visual characteristics and physiological safety of the human eye, establishing and perfecting standards applicable to the virtual reality field, covering key technologies such as sensing, communication, chip, display and interaction. Play the role of technology benchmarking, explore the test and verification methods of VR products, accelerate the application and demonstration of relevant key technologies through the development and testing of prototype products and systems, promote the establishment and improvement of relevant laws and regulations, and promote the industrial development of VR.
The fourth is to strengthen safety supervision. In the aspect of photobiosafety, we carry out professional safety testing and evaluation actively and orderly, such as eye infrared radiation hazard and retinal heat hazard. In addition, while providing users with a real virtual reality social experience, it provides reasonable supervision of harassment and cyber violence.
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