**Introduction to 5G**
5G is the fifth generation of mobile communication technology, marking a significant leap from its predecessors. Unlike earlier generations that were based on single wireless technologies, 5G is a convergence of various existing technologies, enabling more advanced capabilities.
The current 4G network has limitations in handling high-definition video, high-quality voice, augmented reality (AR), and virtual reality (VR) services. To address this, 5G introduces more efficient spectrum usage, greater bandwidth, and denser cell networks, allowing for faster data transfer, lower latency, and improved reliability. This creates a robust network capable of supporting massive data traffic and delivering an exceptional user experience.
**13 Cities Test 5G – Does Your Family Have 5G?**
China's three major telecom operators are conducting 5G trials in 13 cities, including Beijing, Shanghai, Guangzhou, Shenzhen, Wuhan, Chengdu, Nanjing, and others. China Mobile is testing 5G in five cities first, such as Hangzhou, Shanghai, and Wuhan, while also demonstrating 5G applications in 12 other cities. These include 4K HD streaming, AR, VR, drones, and more.
Unicom’s pilot cities include Beijing, Tianjin, Shanghai, Shenzhen, and Hangzhou, while China Telecom’s focus is on Chengdu, Xiong’an, Shenzhen, and Lanzhou. Notably, Shanghai is the only city where all three operators are conducting trials.
China Telecom opened its first 5G base station in Shenzhen on October 27, and later launched another in Xiong’an on November 8. Field tests showed that 5G can be up to 20 times faster than 4G. The company aims to begin commercial trials in 2019 and full commercialization by 2020.
China Telecom has been rapidly expanding its 5G infrastructure, opening base stations in cities like Suzhou, Shanghai, Chengdu, and Lanzhou. These cities were pre-selected as pilot locations, and the rollout reflects strong preparation and planning.
Looking ahead, China Telecom will continue collaborating with equipment manufacturers and chip developers, exploring deeper applications of 5G. It will also work with industry partners on AR, VR, smart cities, drones, and more.
Since 2016, China Telecom has led 20 global 5G standard projects, submitted 258 technical proposals, and filed 102 patents. The company plans field tests in 2017–2018, trial deployment in 2019, and large-scale commercial use by 2020.
**How Fast Is the Measured 5G?**
Qualcomm conducted simulations in two cities—Frankfurt and San Francisco—to evaluate 5G performance. They used real-world conditions, including geographic factors, user demand, and different device speeds, to understand how 5G performs under various scenarios.
In Frankfurt, a 5G network was simulated using a 3.5 GHz spectrum with 100 MHz bandwidth. Results showed that 5G users experienced download speeds of over 490 Mbps, compared to 56 Mbps on 4G. Latency dropped significantly, and over 90% of 5G users achieved speeds above 100 Mbps.
In San Francisco, a 28 GHz millimeter-wave network was tested. Users saw download speeds jump from 71 Mbps on 4G to 1.4 Gbps on 5G. Latency dropped from 115 ms to 4.9 ms, and 90% of users reached speeds of 186 Mbps. These results highlight the transformative potential of 5G.
**How 5G Changes the Future**
5G is more than just faster downloads—it’s a revolution in connectivity. Unlike previous generations, which focused on speed, 5G offers ultra-high data rates, low latency, high reliability, and support for massive IoT devices.
According to Qualcomm, 5G could generate $12.3 trillion in global economic output by 2035. From 2020 to 2035, it could contribute as much to global GDP growth as India’s entire economy.
At the PyeongChang Winter Olympics, 5G was used for the first time, enabling seamless access to video and mobile devices across a wide area. This marked the world’s first large-scale 5G network and a step toward real-world commercial applications.
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