In the growth phase of tomatoes, low light conditions significantly affect their development. Therefore, it is crucial to optimize the lighting during this period. The challenge lies in determining the most scientifically appropriate and effective lighting strategy, a topic that researchers have been exploring for years.
To address this issue, a dynamic fill-light system based on fluorescence detection has been developed. This system utilizes MINI-PAM to monitor the actual photosynthetic efficiency of tomato plants. By combining LED light sources with precise control, the system guides greenhouse tomato cultivation. It performs a quantitative analysis of fluorescence parameters to determine the optimal amount of light required. The system includes an STM32-based greenhouse monitoring system as the central control unit, a programmable constant current source providing stable power, high-power red and blue LED combined light sources, and a MINI-PAM portable modulation fluorometer. These components work together to measure environmental factors and fluorescence data, allowing for real-time adjustments to the LED lighting to maintain ideal photosynthetic performance.
The system's main goal is to dynamically adjust the light intensity and red-to-blue ratio of the LED combination based on the plant's needs. This ensures that the tomato receives the most suitable light for its growth stage. The system continuously monitors and adjusts the light conditions, ensuring that the fluorescence parameter ΦPSII remains at an optimal level. This approach not only improves the efficiency of light use but also enhances plant growth and yield.
Photosynthesis is the fundamental process through which plants convert light energy into chemical energy. Chlorophyll fluorescence serves as a key indicator of photosynthetic activity. Over the past three decades, research on LED artificial light sources has gained significant attention in controlled agriculture, plant cultivation, and even space farming. Studies have shown that red light plays a vital role in regulating plant morphology and promoting leaf growth, while blue light influences stomatal opening and chloroplast development. Combining red and blue LEDs has proven beneficial for overall plant health and productivity.
This system integrates both hardware and software components to achieve closed-loop control. The upper computer processes data from the environmental monitoring system and the fluorometer, calculates the necessary light settings, and sends commands to the LED drivers. This ensures that the tomato receives the right amount of light at the right time, optimizing its growth under varying environmental conditions.
The system consists of several modules, including the environmental monitoring system, the LED power supply, the LED array, and the fluorescence detector. Each component works in harmony to provide a smart and adaptive lighting solution for greenhouse tomato cultivation.
In conclusion, the dynamic fill-light system has been successfully implemented and tested. It continuously monitors fluorescence parameters and adjusts the LED lighting accordingly. This technology is particularly useful in northern greenhouses where low temperatures and limited sunlight are common. By tailoring the light conditions to the specific needs of the tomato plant at different growth stages, the system helps create an optimal environment for healthy and efficient growth.
The function of the steel cross arm is to support distribution transformers, fuses, isolating links, and other line equipment.
Steel cross arms of different configurations are used on overhead lines, transmission towers, transmission lines, wood poles, utility poles, power poles, and light poles.
To make the steel cross arm more stable, there will be two cross arm braces to support the main cross arm by delta connection.
Steel cross arms of different configurations are used on overhead lines, transmission towers, transmission lines, wood poles, utility poles, power poles, and light poles.
To make the steel cross arm more stable, there will be two cross arm braces to support the main cross arm by delta connection.
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