In response to the impact of temperature and humidity on ammunition storage and the limitations of traditional monitoring systems, an intelligent monitoring system was developed using the SHT15 smart sensor. This paper explores the structural design and software implementation of the system, aiming to improve accuracy and efficiency in controlling environmental conditions within ammunition storage facilities.
Ammunition is typically stored in warehouses from the time it is manufactured until it is used for combat or training. During long-term storage, although the ammunition appears motionless, its quality gradually changes due to internal chemical and physical processes. The primary components of ammunition include metal parts and explosive charges. Over time, exposure to temperature and humidity can cause metal corrosion, reducing the strength and mechanical properties of the components. This degradation may lead to serious safety issues or even accidents. Additionally, humidity and temperature can alter the chemical stability of the explosive charge, resulting in a loss of performance. Therefore, temperature and humidity are critical factors that affect the integrity and usability of stored ammunition. Based on current warehouse conditions in China, along with the country’s climate and management standards, the maximum allowable temperature is generally not more than 30°C, and the maximum relative humidity should not exceed 70%. These limits are commonly referred to as the “Sanqi†criteria.
Traditional ammunition storage monitoring systems often rely on dry- and wet-bulb hygrometers, hair hygrometers, or basic humidity resistors. These systems tend to be complex, large in size, and lack precision. To address these challenges, this study employs the SHT15, a compact, self-calibrating, and multi-functional smart sensor from Sensirion. It provides accurate measurements of relative humidity, temperature, and dew point, making it ideal for designing an advanced temperature and humidity monitoring system for ammunition storage.
The SHT15 is a single-chip sensor that integrates a miniature humidity sensor based on a capacitive sensing element, a temperature sensor based on a bandgap circuit, a 14-bit ADC, and a two-wire serial interface. It outputs calibrated digital data for both humidity and temperature, eliminating the need for additional multiplexers, ADCs, and signal conditioning circuits. This simplifies the system design, reduces size, and improves reliability. The SHT15 can measure both humidity and temperature simultaneously at the same location, as shown in Figure 1.
With only eight pins, the SHT15 is easy to integrate into various systems. Its pin configuration is illustrated in Figure 2, and the pin functions are listed in Table 1. The sensor offers a humidity measurement range of 0–100% RH, with a resolution of 0.03% RH and a maximum accuracy of ±2% RH. The temperature range spans from -40°C to 123.8°C, with a resolution of 0.1°C and a response time of less than 3 seconds. It operates on a supply voltage between 2.5V and 5.5V, making it suitable for a wide range of applications.
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